The Film Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Film Industry - Essay Example Films have a very major core purpose that they all presume and that is creating entertainment (Aldikno, 1998). One of the major works in the film industry came in the early 1970s where a film known as Don't Look Now, directed by Nicholas Roeg was produced. The turn of events in the movie can be said to have led to the new generation of films. As such, it introduced the theme of murder as well as deaths. The last part of the film can be said to be sublime moving and further, a meditation on grief, which is frightening as well as relationships and beyond. For instance, Laura Baxter and John, who is her husband goes to enjoy their time together at Venice as a way of forgetting their daughter’s death (Rick 2001). The couple had indeed killed the daughter by drowning her. Two sisters, one of whom is blind and has capabilities of a psychic informs the couple that the little girl is still with them and this is manifested by the girl appearing in a red coat while wandering through the streets. With the reference to this episode of the film, the following discussion will aim at examining the earliest responses in regard to the film as a new medium and to pinpoint the potentials that would have been lost due to the responses. Moreover, the paper will aim at examining a film text that realizes the ideas that were set out from those criticism responses. When the theme of murder and deaths was introduced in the early films, many mixed responses concerning the theme arose. As such, the theme was not only a new concept but was also a new viewpoint and as such, it impacted mixed feelings among the audience. First, it tended to conflict the conceptions of the custom as well as some specific representations that were considered dynamic. In regard to this, the introduction of this new theme indeed was seen as changing the traditional view of the films (Catherine, 1992). These responses were therefore negative and many are the people who saw this notion of murder as going a gainst the set customs. In the early times, murder was a serious issue and by incorporating such scenes in a movie, some people, who followed the customary laws to the letter, felt that the films were disrespectful and going against the desired will of the society. They argued that people were likely to adopt such behaviors and as such, the society would develop a sense of insecurity. According to their perceived feelings, such movies did not portray the best of the pictures and hence had to be abominated (Catherine, 1992). On the other hand, some people received the theme of death and murder in films cordially as they saw it as an opportunity to take the film industry to a higher notch. When a film entails differentiated themes in its context, it assumes the shape of an abstract and as such, they provoke a certain organized association. In a film, a theme can be used but not at all times make a film successful. This is usually dependent on the feelings of the people towards it. How ever, if the theme is materialized, then the impression of the employed theme tends to be associative and as such, it becomes accepted by the audience. It is essential that the films, while incorporating the murder theme, to ensure that the plot of the film is designed in such a way that it have the capabilities of inferring something to the audience. In the same line of thinking, such an effort would indeed give rise to the most interesting and acceptable feelings in regard to the

Violence Show on TV Essay Example for Free

Violence Show on TV Essay A lot of people believe the amount of violence shown on TV and in the cinema affects the actions of our young people and therefore increases the amount of violence in our society today. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? What can be done to reduce violence in our society today? A matter of considerable controversy at present is the issue of whether young peoples actions are influenced by the amount of violence which appears on TV and in the cinema or not. From my own prospective, I believe that violence in our today society has increased due to TVs and cinema. It cannot be argued that young people immitate what they see on TVs. Eversince every home has at least one LCD, plasma or a normal TV, youngsters behaviour has radically changed: they find themselves in what they see on screen, they have models and follow them. Even if it is not a scientific proven fact, it is obvious that aggressive scenes and plots which appear in movies and talkshows encourage them to adopt a violent behaviour. Doing what they see on TV retains an image of satisfaction among young people, making aggression an habit for those still in the process of moulding themselves into what they want to be. One way to combat the problem of violence in our society today would be for the government to censor the movies and TV shows. Even if they are not allowed to watch horror and thriller movies, teenagers under 18 still get the change to do it. By introducing censorship and cutting the violence scenes, I believe young people would not be encouraged to behave violently and disruptively. It would, therefore, be impossible for them to follow this example of being aggressive. To sum up, from what has been written above, I can safely draw the conclusion that the amount of violence seen on TV and in cinema increases the fights, clashes and disruptive behaviour in our society. However, this issue can be tackled by inforcing laws in order to censor every scene which can have a bad impact on peoples behaviour.

Biography of Frederick Douglass Essay examples -- Informative Essay, B

Frederick Douglass was a combative African American slave born the year of 1818 in Tuckahoe, Maryland who fought his slave breaker during an unfair dispute and beat him. He demonstrated how a man was turned into a slave since birth then how a slave was turned into a man. As a rebellious runaway slave that later became known as the greatest abolitionists in history believed in his liberty more than his own life. Not only was he one of the most scholarly and effective orators but he also became revolutionary. As one of the best-known black leaders in the nineteenth-century he was asked to deliver a speech, â€Å"What to the Slave is the Fourth of July† to celebrate America’s independence from Britain. As an American slave he delivered this speech with an emotional content against America. His speech was seen as hypocrisy by not keeping up with the Declaration of Independence. However, as a former slave he was deprived from liberty for many years, which, makes America hypo critical by asking him to speak about liberty to the United States. Douglass rhetorically tells America, â€Å"Who so stolid and selfish that would not give his voice to swell the hallelujahs of a nation’s jubilee, when the chains of servitude had been torn from his limbs? I am not that man† (Douglass, 255) to make them see his point of view as a former slave talking about liberty. On July 5, 1852 Frederick Douglass was orating to America where he proclaimed â€Å"July fourth to be the bitterest reminder of America’s failed promise† (Douglass, 247). During this time the 1850 compromise was passed through congress where the Mason and Dixon line was established because of the controversy between the North and South. Some important parts were the 3/5th compromise in which a ... ...y,† demonstrates that they do not follow what they worship to the fullest. He is using the religious aspect of African Diaspora to demonstrate his point that liberty should be extended to all citizens including African American. Another part of African Diaspora is the study of back to Africa, which was mentioned by Martin Robinson Delany. Delany and Douglass had two opposing view of Africans living in the U.S. Frederick Douglass believed in mainstream ideas and that America can one day end slavery and welcome them as citizens. On the other hand, Delany believed that was not possible because they needed a county of their own. Both views were part of African Diaspora as well as religion which all unite to make one movement for people of African Descent dispersed all over the world. Works Cited "what to the slave, is the fourth of July" (1852), pp. 246-268

The Lost Symbol Chapter 83-85

CHAPTER 83 In the moist air of the Jungle, the Architect of the Capitol could feel the sweat now rolling down his back. His handcuffed wrists ached, but all of his attention remained riveted on the ominous titanium briefcase that Sato had just opened on the bench between them. The contents of this case, Sato had told him, will persuade you to see things my way. I guarantee it. The tiny Asian woman had unclasped the metal case away from Bellamy's line of sight, and he had yet to see its contents, but his imagination was running wild. Sato's hands were doing something inside the case, and Bellamy half expected her to extract a series of glistening, razor- sharp tools. Suddenly a light source flickered inside the case, growing brighter, illuminating Sato's face from beneath. Her hands kept moving inside, and the light changed hue. After a few moments, she removed her hands, grasped the entire case, and turned it toward Bellamy so he could see inside. Bellamy found himself squinting into the glow of what appeared to be some kind of futuristic laptop with a handheld phone receiver, two antennae, and a double keyboard. His initial surge of relief turned quickly to confusion. The screen bore the CIA logo and the text: SECURE LOG-IN USER: INOUE SATO SECURITY CLEARANCE: LEVEL 5 Beneath the laptop's log-in window, a progress icon was spinning: ONE MOMENT PLEASE . . . DECRYPTING FILE . . . Bellamy's gaze shot back up to Sato, whose eyes were locked on his. â€Å"I had not wanted to show you this,† she said. â€Å"But you've left me no choice.† The screen flickered again, and Bellamy glanced back down as the file opened, its contents filling the entire LCD. For several moments, Bellamy stared at the screen, trying to make sense of what he was looking at. Gradually, as it began to dawn on him, he felt the blood draining from his face. He stared in horror, unable to look away. â€Å"But this is . . . impossible!† he exclaimed. â€Å"How . . . could this be!† Sato's face was grim. â€Å"You tell me, Mr. Bellamy. You tell me.† As the Architect of the Capitol began to fully comprehend the ramifications of what he was seeing, he could feel his entire world teetering precariously on the brink of disaster. My God . . . I've made a terrible, terrible mistake! CHAPTER 84 Dean Galloway felt alive. Like all mortals, he knew the time was coming when he would shed his mortal shell, but tonight was not the night. His corporeal heart was beating strong and fast . . . and his mind felt sharp. There is work to be done. As he ran his arthritic hands across the pyramid's smooth surfaces, he could scarcely believe what he was feeling. I never imagined I would live to witness this moment. For generations, the pieces of the symbolon map had been kept safely apart from one another. Now they were united at last. Galloway wondered if this was the foretold time. Strangely, fate had selected two non-Masons to assemble the pyramid. Somehow, this seemed fitting. The Mysteries are moving out of the inner circles . . . out of darkness . . . into the light. â€Å"Professor,† he said, turning his head in the direction of Langdon's breathing. â€Å"Did Peter tell you why he wanted you to watch over the little package?† â€Å"He said powerful people wanted to steal it from him,† Langdon replied. The dean nodded. â€Å"Yes, Peter told me the same thing.† â€Å"He did?† Katherine said suddenly on his left. â€Å"You and my brother spoke about this pyramid?† â€Å"Of course,† Galloway said. â€Å"Your brother and I have spoken on many things. I was once the Worshipful Master at the House of the Temple, and he comes to me for guidance at times. It was about a year ago that he came to me, deeply troubled. He sat exactly where you are now, and he asked me if I believed in supernatural premonitions.† â€Å"Premonitions?† Katherine sounded concerned. â€Å"You mean like . . . visions?† â€Å"Not exactly. It was more visceral. Peter said he was feeling the growing presence of a dark force in his life. He sensed something was watching him . . . waiting . . . intending to do him great harm.† â€Å"Obviously he was right,† Katherine said, â€Å"considering that the same man who killed our mother and Peter's son had come to Washington and become one of Peter's own Masonic brothers.† â€Å"True,† Langdon said, â€Å"but it doesn't explain the involvement of the CIA.† Galloway was not so sure. â€Å"Men in power are always interested in greater power.† â€Å"But . . . the CIA?† Langdon challenged. â€Å"And mystical secrets? Something doesn't add up.† â€Å"Sure it does,† Katherine said. â€Å"The CIA thrives on technological advancement and has always experimented with the mystical sciences–ESP, remote viewing, sensory deprivation, pharmacologically induced highly mentalized states. It's all the same thing–tapping the unseen potential of the human mind. If there's one thing I've learned from Peter, it's this: Science and mysticism are very closely related, distinguishable only by their approaches. They have identical goals . . . but different methods.† â€Å"Peter tells me,† Galloway said, â€Å"that your field of study is a kind of modern mystical science?† â€Å"Noetics,† Katherine said, nodding. â€Å"And it's proving man has powers unlike anything we can imagine.† She motioned to a stained-glass window depicting the familiar image of the â€Å"Luminous Jesus,† that of Christ with rays of light flowing from his head and hands. â€Å"In fact, I just used a supercooled charge-coupled device to photograph the hands of a faith healer at work. The photos looked a lot like the image of Jesus in your stained-glass window . . . streams of energy pouring through the healer's fingertips.† The well-trained mind, Galloway thought, hiding a smile. How do you think Jesus healed the sick? â€Å"I realize,† Katherine said, â€Å"that modern medicine ridicules healers and shamans, but I saw this with my own eyes. My CCD cameras clearly photographed this man transmitting a massive energy field from his fingertips . . . and literally changing the cellular makeup of his patient. If that's not godlike power, then I don't know what is.† Dean Galloway let himself smile. Katherine had the same fiery passion as her brother. â€Å"Peter once compared Noetic Scientists to the early explorers who were mocked for embracing the heretical notion of a spherical earth. Almost overnight, these explorers went from fools to heroes, discovering uncharted worlds and expanding the horizons of everyone on the planet. Peter thinks you will do this as well. He has very high hopes for your work. After all, every great philosophical shift in history began with a single bold idea.† Galloway knew, of course, that one needn't go to a lab to witness proof of this bold new idea, this proposal of man's untapped potential. This very cathedral held healing prayer circles for the sick, and repeatedly had witnessed truly miraculous results, medically documented physical transformations. The question was not whether God had imbued man with great powers . . . but rather how we liberate those powers. The old dean placed his hands reverently around the sides of the Masonic Pyramid and spoke very quietly. â€Å"My friends, I do not know exactly where this pyramid points . . . but I do know this. There is a great spiritual treasure buried out there somewhere . . . a treasure that has waited patiently in darkness for generations. I believe it is a catalyst that has the power to transform this world.† He now touched the golden tip of the capstone. â€Å"And now that this pyramid is assembled . . . the time is fast approaching. And why shouldn't it? The promise of a great transformational enlightenment has been prophesied forever.† â€Å"Father,† Langdon said, his tone challenging, â€Å"we're all familiar with the Revelation of Saint John and the literal meaning of the Apocalypse, but biblical prophecy hardly seems–â€Å" â€Å"Oh, heavens, the Book of Revelation is a mess!† the dean said. â€Å"Nobody knows how to read that. I'm talking about clear minds writing in clear language–the predictions of Saint Augustine, Sir Francis Bacon, Newton, Einstein, the list goes on and on, all anticipating a transformative moment of enlightenment. Even Jesus himself said, `Nothing is hidden that will not be made known, nor secret that will not come to light.'† â€Å"It's a safe prediction to make,† Langdon said. â€Å"Knowledge grows exponentially. The more we know, the greater our ability to learn, and the faster we expand our knowledge base.† â€Å"Yes,† Katherine added. â€Å"We see this in science all the time. Each new technology we invent becomes a tool with which to invent new technologies . . . and it snowballs. That's why science has advanced more in the last five years than in the previous five thousand. Exponential growth. Mathematically, as time passes, the exponential curve of progress becomes almost vertical, and new development occurs incredibly fast.† Silence fell in the dean's office, and Galloway sensed that his two guests still had no idea how this pyramid could possibly help them reveal anything further. That is why fate brought you to me, he thought. I have a role to play. For many years, the Reverend Colin Galloway, along with his Masonic brothers, had played the role of gatekeeper. Now it was all changing. I am no longer a gatekeeper . . . I am a guide. â€Å"Professor Langdon?† Galloway said, reaching out across his desk. â€Å"Take my hand if you will.† Robert Langdon felt uncertain as he stared across at Dean Galloway's outstretched palm. Are we going to pray? Politely, Langdon reached out and placed his right hand in the dean's withered hand. The old man grasped it firmly but did not begin to pray. Instead, he found Langdon's index finger and guided it downward into the stone box that had once housed the golden capstone. â€Å"Your eyes have blinded you,† the dean said. â€Å"If you saw with your fingertips as I do, you would realize this box has something left to teach you.† Dutifully, Langdon worked his fingertip around the inside of the box, but he felt nothing. The inside was perfectly smooth. â€Å"Keep looking,† Galloway prompted. Finally, Langdon's fingertip felt something–a tiny raised circle–a minuscule dot in the center of the base of the box. He removed his hand and peered inside. The little circle was virtually invisible to the naked eye. What is that? â€Å"Do you recognize that symbol?† Galloway asked. â€Å"Symbol?† Langdon replied. â€Å"I can barely see anything at all.† â€Å"Push down on it.† Langdon did as he asked, pressing his fingertip down onto the spot. What does he think will happen? â€Å"Hold your finger down,† the dean said. â€Å"Apply pressure.† Langdon glanced over at Katherine, who looked puzzled as she tucked a wisp of hair behind her ears. A few seconds later, the old dean finally nodded. â€Å"Okay, remove your hand. The alchemy is complete.† Alchemy? Robert Langdon removed his hand from the stone box and sat in bewildered silence. Nothing had changed at all. The box just sat there on the desk. â€Å"Nothing,† Langdon said. â€Å"Look at your fingertip,† the dean replied. â€Å"You should see a transformation.† Langdon looked at his finger, but the only transformation he could see was that he now had an indentation on his skin made by the circular nubbin–a tiny circle with a dot in the middle. â€Å"Now do you recognize this symbol?† the dean asked. Although Langdon recognized the symbol, he was more impressed that the dean had been able to feel the detail of it. Seeing with one's fingertips was apparently a learned skill. â€Å"It's alchemical,† Katherine said, sliding her chair closer and examining Langdon's finger. â€Å"It's the ancient symbol for gold.† â€Å"Indeed it is.† The dean smiled and patted the box. â€Å"Professor, congratulations. You have just achieved what every alchemist in history has strived for. From a worthless substance, you've created gold.† Langdon frowned, unimpressed. The little parlor trick seemed to be no help at all. â€Å"An interesting idea, sir, but I'm afraid this symbol–a circle with a round dot in the middle–has dozens of meanings. It's called a circumpunct, and it's one of the most widely used symbols in history.† â€Å"What are you talking about?† the dean asked, sounding skeptical. Langdon was stunned that a Mason was not more familiar with the spiritual importance of this symbol. â€Å"Sir, the circumpunct has countless meanings. In ancient Egypt, it was the symbol for Ra–the sun god–and modern astronomy still uses it as the solar symbol. In Eastern philosophy, it represents the spiritual insight of the Third Eye, the divine rose, and the sign of illumination. The Kabbalists use it to symbolize the Kether–the highest Sephiroth and `the most hidden of all hidden things.' Early mystics called it the Eye of God and it's the origin of the All-Seeing Eye on the Great Seal. The Pythagoreans used the circumpunct as the symbol of the Monad–the Divine Truth, the Prisca Sapientia, the at-one-ment of mind and soul, and the–â€Å" â€Å"Enough!† Dean Galloway was chuckling now. â€Å"Professor, thank you. You are correct, of course.† Langdon now realized he had just been played. He knew all that. â€Å"The circumpunct,† Galloway said, still smiling to himself, â€Å"is essentially the symbol of the Ancient Mysteries. For this reason, I would suggest that its presence in this box is not mere coincidence. Legend holds that the secrets of this map are hidden in the smallest of details.† â€Å"Fine,† Katherine said, â€Å"but even if this symbol was inscribed there intentionally, it doesn't bring us any closer to deciphering the map, does it?† â€Å"You mentioned earlier that the wax seal you broke was embossed with Peter's ring?† â€Å"That's correct.† â€Å"And you said you have that ring with you?† â€Å"I do.† Langdon reached into his pocket, found the ring, took it out of the plastic bag, and placed it on the desk in front of the dean. Galloway picked up the ring and began feeling its surfaces. â€Å"This unique ring was created at the same time as the Masonic Pyramid, and traditionally, it is worn by the Mason in charge of protecting the pyramid. Tonight, when I felt the tiny circumpunct on the bottom of the stone box, I realized that the ring is, in fact, part of the symbolon.† â€Å"It is?† â€Å"I'm certain of it. Peter is my closest friend, and he wore this ring for many years. I am quite familiar with it.† He handed the ring to Langdon. â€Å"See for yourself.† Langdon took the ring and examined it, running his fingers over the double-headed phoenix, the number 33, the words ORDO AB CHAO, and also the words All is revealed at the thirty-third degree. He felt nothing helpful. Then, as his fingers traced down around the outside of the band, he stopped short. Startled, he turned the ring over and eyed the very bottom of its band. â€Å"Did you find it?† Galloway said. â€Å"I think so, yes!† Langdon said. Katherine slid her chair closer. â€Å"What?† â€Å"The degree sign on the band,† Langdon said, showing her. â€Å"It's so small that you don't really notice it with your eyes, but if you feel it, you can tell it's actually indented–like a tiny circular incision.† The degree sign was centered on the bottom of the band . . . and admittedly looked to be the same size as the raised nubbin in the bottom of the cube. â€Å"Is it the same size?† Katherine moved closer still, sounding excited now. â€Å"There's one way to find out.† He took the ring and lowered it into the box, aligning the two tiny circles. As he pushed down, the raised circle on the box slid into the ring's opening, and there was a faint but decisive click. They all jumped. Langdon waited, but nothing happened. â€Å"What was that?!† the priest said. â€Å"Nothing,† Katherine replied. â€Å"The ring locked into place . . . but nothing else happened.† â€Å"No great transformation?† Galloway looked puzzled. We're not done, Langdon realized, gazing down at the ring's embossed insignia–a double- headed phoenix and the number 33. All is revealed at the thirty-third degree. His mind filled with thoughts of Pythagoras, sacred geometry, and angles; he wondered if perhaps degrees had a mathematical meaning. Slowly, heart beating faster now, he reached down and grasped the ring, which was affixed to the base of the cube. Then, slowly, he began turning the ring to the right. All is revealed at the thirty- third degree. He turned the ring ten degrees . . . twenty degrees . . . thirty degrees– What happened next, Langdon never saw coming. CHAPTER 85 Transformation. Dean Galloway heard it happen, and so he didn't need to see it. Across the desk from him, Langdon and Katherine were dead silent, no doubt staring in mute astonishment at the stone cube, which had just transformed itself loudly before their very eyes. Galloway couldn't help but smile. He had anticipated the result, and although he still had no idea how this development would ultimately help them solve the riddle of the pyramid, he was enjoying the rare chance to teach a Harvard symbologist something about symbols. â€Å"Professor,† the dean said, â€Å"few people realize that the Masons venerate the shape of the cube– or ashlar, as we call it–because it is a three-dimensional representation of another symbol . . . a much older, two-dimensional symbol.† Galloway didn't need to ask if the professor recognized the ancient symbol now lying before them on the desk. It was one of the most famous symbols in the world. Robert Langdon's thoughts churned as he stared at the transformed box on the desk in front of him. I had no idea . . . Moments ago, he had reached into the stone box, grasped the Masonic ring, and gently turned it. As he rotated the ring through thirty-three degrees, the cube had suddenly changed before his eyes. The square panels that made up the sides of the box fell away from one another as their hidden hinges released. The box collapsed all at once, its side panels and lid falling outward, slapping loudly on the desk. The cube becomes a cross, Langdon thought. Symbolic alchemy. Katherine looked bewildered by the sight of the collapsed cube. â€Å"The Masonic Pyramid relates to . . . Christianity?† For a moment, Langdon had wondered the same thing. After all, the Christian crucifix was a respected symbol within the Masons, and certainly there were plenty of Christian Masons. However, Masons were also Jews, Muslims, Buddhists, Hindus, and those who had no name for their God. The presence of an exclusively Christian symbol seemed restrictive. Then the true meaning of this symbol had dawned on him. â€Å"It's not a crucifix,† Langdon said, standing up now. â€Å"The cross with the circumpunct in the middle is a binary symbol–two symbols fused to create one.† â€Å"What are you saying?† Katherine's eyes followed him as he paced the room. â€Å"The cross,† Langdon said, â€Å"was not a Christian symbol until the fourth century. Long before that, it was used by the Egyptians to represent the intersection of two dimensions–the human and the celestial. As above, so below. It was a visual representation of the juncture where man and God become one.† â€Å"Okay.† â€Å"The circumpunct,† Langdon said, â€Å"we already know has many meanings–one of its most esoteric being the rose, the alchemical symbol for perfection. But, when you place a rose on the center of a cross, you create another symbol entirely–the Rose Cross.† Galloway reclined in his chair, smiling. â€Å"My, my. Now you're cooking.† Katherine stood now, too. â€Å"What am I missing?† â€Å"The Rose Cross,† Langdon explained, â€Å"is a common symbol in Freemasonry. In fact, one of the degrees of the Scottish Rite is called `Knights of the Rose Cross' and honors the early Rosicrucians, who contributed to Masonic mystical philosophy. Peter may have mentioned the Rosicrucians to you. Dozens of great scientists were members–John Dee, Elias Ashmole, Robert Fludd–â€Å" â€Å"Absolutely,† Katherine said. â€Å"I've read all of the Rosicrucian manifestos in my research.† Every scientist should, Langdon thought. The Order of the Rose Cross–or more formally the Ancient and Mystical Order Rosae Crucis–had an enigmatic history that had greatly influenced science and closely paralleled the legend of the Ancient Mysteries . . . early sages possessing secret wisdom that was passed down through the ages and studied by only the brightest minds. Admittedly, history's list of famous Rosicrucians was a who's who of European Renaissance luminaries: Paracelsus, Bacon, Fludd, Descartes, Pascal, Spinoza, Newton, Leibniz. According to Rosicrucian doctrine, the order was â€Å"built on esoteric truths of the ancient past,† truths which had to be â€Å"concealed from the average man† and which promised great insight into â€Å"the spiritual realm.† The brotherhood's symbol had blossomed over the years into a flowering rose on an ornate cross, but it had begun as a more modest dotted circle on an unadorned cross– the simplest manifestation of the rose on the simplest manifestation of the cross. â€Å"Peter and I often discuss Rosicrucian philosophy,† Galloway told Katherine. As the dean began outlining the interrelationship between Masonry and Rosicrucianism, Langdon felt his attention drawn back to the same nagging thought he'd had all night. Jeova Sanctus Unus. This phrase is linked to alchemy somehow. He still could not remember exactly what Peter had told him about the phrase, but for some reason, the mention of Rosicrucianism seemed to have rekindled the thought. Think, Robert! â€Å"The Rosicrucian founder,† Galloway was saying, â€Å"was allegedly a German mystic who went by the name Christian Rosenkreuz–a pseudonym obviously, perhaps even for Francis Bacon, who some historians believe founded the group himself, although there is no proof of–† â€Å"A pseudonym!† Langdon declared suddenly, startling even himself. â€Å"That's it! Jeova Sanctus Unus! It's a pseudonym!† â€Å"What are you talking about?† Katherine demanded. Langdon's pulse had quickened now. â€Å"All night, I've been trying to remember what Peter told me about Jeova Sanctus Unus and its relationship to alchemy. Finally I remembered! It's not about alchemy so much as about an alchemist! A very famous alchemist!† Galloway chuckled. â€Å"It's about time, Professor. I mentioned his name twice and also the word pseudonym.† Langdon stared at the old dean. â€Å"You knew?† â€Å"Well, I had my suspicions when you told me the engraving said Jeova Sanctus Unus and had been decrypted using Durer's alchemical magic square, but when you found the Rose Cross, I was certain. As you probably know, the personal papers of the scientist in question included a very heavily annotated copy of the Rosicrucian manifestos.† â€Å"Who?† Katherine asked. â€Å"One of the world's greatest scientists!† Langdon replied. â€Å"He was an alchemist, a member of the Royal Society of London, a Rosicrucian, and he signed some of his most secretive science papers with a pseudonym–`Jeova Sanctus Unus'!† â€Å"One True God?† Katherine said. â€Å"Modest guy.† â€Å"Brilliant guy, actually,† Galloway corrected. â€Å"He signed his name that way because, like the ancient Adepts, he understood himself as divine. In addition, because the sixteen letters in Jeova Sanctus Unus could be rearranged to spell his name in Latin, making it a perfect pseudonym.† Katherine now looked puzzled. â€Å"Jeova Sanctus Unus is an anagram of a famous alchemist's name in Latin?† Langdon grabbed a piece of paper and pencil off the dean's desk, writing as he talked. â€Å"Latin interchanges the letters J for I and the letter V for U, which means Jeova Sanctus Unus can actually be perfectly rearranged to spell this man's name.† Langdon wrote down sixteen letters: Isaacus Neutonuus. He handed the slip of paper to Katherine and said, â€Å"I think you've heard of him.† â€Å"Isaac Newton?† Katherine demanded, looking at the paper. â€Å"That's what the engraving on the pyramid was trying to tell us!† For a moment, Langdon was back in Westminster Abbey, standing at Newton's pyramidical tomb, where he had experienced a similar epiphany. And tonight, the great scientist surfaces again. It was no coincidence, of course . . . the pyramids, mysteries, science, hidden knowledge . . . it was all intertwined. Newton's name had always been a recurring guidepost for those seeking secret knowledge. â€Å"Isaac Newton,† Galloway said, â€Å"must have something to do with how to decipher the meaning of the pyramid. I can't imagine what it would be, but–â€Å" â€Å"Genius!† Katherine exclaimed, her eyes going wide. â€Å"That's how we transform the pyramid!† â€Å"You understand?† Langdon said. â€Å"Yes!† she said. â€Å"I can't believe we didn't see it! It has been staring us right in the face. A simple alchemical process. I can transform this pyramid using basic science! Newtonian science!† Langdon strained to understand. â€Å"Dean Galloway,† Katherine said. â€Å"If you read the ring, it says–â€Å" â€Å"Stop!† The old dean suddenly raised his finger in the air and motioned for silence. Gently, he cocked his head to the side, as if he were listening to something. After a moment, he stood up abruptly. â€Å"My friends, this pyramid obviously has secrets left to reveal. I don't know what Ms. Solomon is getting at, but if she knows your next step, then I have played my role. Pack up your things and say no more to me. Leave me in darkness for the moment. I would prefer to have no information to share should our visitors try to force me.† â€Å"Visitors?† Katherine said, listening. â€Å"I don't hear anyone.† â€Å"You will,† Galloway said, heading for the door. â€Å"Hurry.† Across town, a cell tower was attempting to contact a phone that lay in pieces on Massachusetts Avenue. Finding no signal, it redirected the call to voice mail. â€Å"Robert!† Warren Bellamy's panicked voice shouted. â€Å"Where are you?! Call me! Something terrible is happening!†

The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 39

An Episode Seems Inevitable I rise before dawn on Christmas morning and begin my weight-lifting routine. I am nervous about being reunited with Nikki today, so I double-time my exercises in an effort to work off my anxiety. I realize the note Tiffany gave me last night suggests that Nikki might not be interested in meeting me at that special place once dusk rolls around, but I also know that in the movies, just when the main character is about to give up, something surprising happens, which leads to the happy ending. I'm pretty sure that this is the part of my movie when something surprising will happen, so I am trusting in God, who I know will not let me down. If I have faith, if I go to that special place, something beautiful will happen when the sun sets – I can feel it. When I hear Christmas music, I stop lifting and go upstairs. My mother is cooking eggs and bacon. Coffee is brewing. â€Å"Merry Christmas,† Mom says, and gives me a little kiss on the cheek. â€Å"Don't forget your pills.† I take the orange bottles from the cabinet and twist off the lids. As I swallow my last pill, my father comes into the kitchen and throws the newspaper's plastic cover into the waste bucket. When he turns and heads for the family room, my mother says, â€Å"Merry Christmas, Patrick.† â€Å"Merry Christmas,† Dad mumbles. We eat eggs and bacon and toast together as a family, but no one says much. In the living room we sit around the tree. Mom opens her present from Dad. It's a diamond necklace from some department store – tiny diamonds in the shape of a heart on a thin gold chain. I know for a fact that Mom has a similar necklace, because she wears it almost every day. My father probably gave her the same thing last year, but Mom acts really surprised and says, â€Å"Patrick, you shouldn't have,† before she kisses my father on the lips and then hugs him. Even though Dad doesn't hug Mom back, I can tell he is happy, because he sort of smirks. Next, we give Dad his present, which is from both Mom and me. He tears off the wrapping paper and holds up an authentic Eagles jersey, not one with iron-on decals. â€Å"Why doesn't it have any numbers or a name on it?† he asks. â€Å"Since McNabb went down, we thought you'd want to pick a new favorite player,† Mom says. â€Å"So when you do, we'll have the correct number and name sewn onto the jersey.† â€Å"Don't waste your money,† Dad says, putting the jersey back into the box. â€Å"They won't win today without McNabb. They're not going to make the play-offs. I'm done watching that lousy excuse for a football team.† Mom smiles at me because I told her that Dad would say as much, even though the Eagles have been playing pretty well. But Mom and I both know Dad will be watching the Eagles play the Cowboys later today and will pick a new favorite player late next summer – after watching one or two preseason games – at which time he will say something like, â€Å"Jeanie, where's my authentic Eagles jersey? I want to get those numbers sewn on before the season starts.† A few dozen presents are for me, all of which Mom bought and wrapped. I get a new Eagles sweatshirt, new running shoes, workout clothes, dress clothes, a few ties, a brand-new leather jacket, and a special running watch that will help me time my runs and will even calculate the calories I burn while running. And – â€Å"Jesus Christ, Jeanie. How many presents did you buy the kid?† Dad says, but in a way that lets us know he is not really all that mad. After we eat lunch, I shower and put on underarm deodorant, some of my father's cologne, and one of my new running outfits. â€Å"I'm going to try out my new watch,† I tell Mom. â€Å"Caitlin and your brother will be here in an hour,† Mom says. â€Å"So don't be too long.† â€Å"I won't,† I say just before I exit the house. In the garage, I change into the dress clothes I hid there earlier in the week – tweed pants, a black button-down shirt, leather loafers, and the expensive overcoat my father no longer wears. Next, I walk to the Collingswood PATCO stop and catch the 1:45 train to Philadelphia. It begins to rain lightly. I get off at Eighth and Market, walk through the drizzle to City Hall, and catch an Orange Line train headed north. Not many people are on the train, and underground it does not feel like Christmas at all. But the trash-smelling steam that wafts in at every stop when the doors open, the marker graffiti on the orange seat across from me, the half-eaten hamburger lying bunless in the aisle – none of it brings me down, because I am about to be reunited with Nikki. Apart time is finally about to end. I get off at Broad and Olney and climb the steps up into North Philly, where it is raining a little harder. Even though I remember being mugged twice near this subway stop when I was a college student, I do not worry, mostly because it's Christmas and I am a lot stronger than I used to be when I was an undergraduate. On Broad Street I see a few black people, which gets me thinking about Danny and how he always used to talk about going to live with his aunt in North Philly just as soon as he got out of the bad place – especially whenever I mentioned my graduating from La Salle University, which is apparently close to where Danny's aunt lives. I wonder if Danny ever made it out of the bad place, and the thought of him having Christmas in a mental institution makes me really sad because Danny was a good friend to me. I stick my hands into my dad's overcoat pockets as I walk down Olney. With the rain, it is sort of cold. Soon I am seeing the blue-and-yellow flags that line the campus streets, and it makes me feel happy and sad at the same time to be back at La Salle – almost like looking at old pictures of people who have either died or with whom you have lost contact. When I get to the library, I turn left and walk past the tennis courts, where I make a right and stroll past the security building. Beyond the tennis courts is a walled-in hill, with so many trees you'd never believe it was in North Philly if someone had led you here blindfolded and then removed the blindfold and asked, â€Å"Where do you think you are?† At the bottom of the hill is a Japanese teahouse, which is as picturesque as it is out of place in North Philly, although I have never been inside to have tea – because it is a private teahouse – so maybe the inside has a city feel to it; I don't know. Nikki and I used to meet on this hill, behind an old oak tree, and sit on the grass for hours. Surprisingly, not many students hung out in this spot. Maybe they did not know it was there. Maybe no one else thought it was a nice spot. But Nikki loved sitting on the grassy hill and looking down at the Japanese teahouse, feeling as though she were somewhere else in the world – somewhere other than North Philadelphia. And if it weren't for the occasional car horn or gunshot in the distance, I would have believed I was in Japan when I was sitting on that hill, even though I have never been to Japan and don't really know what being in that particular country is like. I sit down under a huge tree – on a dry spot of grass – and wait. Rain clouds swallowed the sun a long time ago, but when I look at my watch, the numbers officially make it dusk. My chest starts to feel tight; I notice that I am shaking and breathing heavily. I hold my hand out to see how bad the shakes are, and my hand is flapping like the wing of a bird, or maybe it is as if I am hot and trying to fan myself with my fingers. I try to make it stop, and when I can't, I shove both hands into my father's overcoat pockets, hoping Nikki will not notice my nervousness when she shows up. It grows darker, and then even darker. Finally, I close my eyes, and after a time, I begin to pray: Dear God: If I did something wrong, please let me know what it was so I can make amends. As I search my memory, I can't think of anything that would make You mad, except for my punching the Giants fan a few months ago, but I already asked for forgiveness regarding that slip, and I thought we had moved on. Please make Nikki show up. When I open my eyes, please let her be there. Maybe there was traffic, or she forgot how to get to La Salle? She always used to get lost in the city. I'm okay with her not showing up exactly at dusk, but please let her know that I am still here waiting and will wait all night if I have to. Please, God. I'll do anything. If You make her show up when I open – I smell a woman's perfume. I recognize the scent. I breathe in deeply to ready myself. I open my eyes. â€Å"I'm fucking sorry, okay?† she says, but it's not Nikki. â€Å"I never thought it would lead to this. So I'm just going to be honest now. My therapist thought you were stuck in a constant state of denial because you were never afforded closure, and I thought I might afford you closure by pretending to be Nikki. So I made up the whole liaison thing in an effort to provide you closure, hoping you would snap out of your funk and would be able to move on with your life once you understood that being reunited with your ex-wife was an impossibility. I wrote all the letters myself. Okay? I never even contacted Nikki. She doesn't even know you're sitting here. Maybe she doesn't even know you are out of the neural health facility. She's not coming, Pat. I'm sorry.† I'm staring up into Tiffany's soaking-wet face – wet hair, runny makeup – and I can hardly believe that it's not Nikki. Her words do not register at first, but when they do, I feel my chest heating up, and an episode seems inevitable. My eyes burn. My face flushes. Suddenly I realize that for the past two months I have been completely delusional, that Nikki is never coming back and apart time is going to last forever. Nikki. Is. Never. Coming. Back. Never. I want to hit Tiffany. I want to pound her face with my knuckles until the bones in my hands crumble and Tiffany is completely unrecognizable, until she no longer has a face from which she can spew lies. â€Å"But everything I said in the letters was true. Nikki did divorce you, and she is remarried, and she even took out a restraining order against you. I got all the information from – â€Å" â€Å"You liar!† I say, realizing that I am now crying again. â€Å"Ronnie told me that I shouldn't trust you. That you were nothing but a – â€Å" â€Å"Please, just listen to me. I know this is a shock. But you need to face reality, Pat. You've been lying to yourself for years! I needed to do something drastic to help you. But I never thought – â€Å" â€Å"Why?† I say, feeling as if I might vomit, feeling as though my hands might find Tiffany's throat at any moment. â€Å"Why did you do this to me?† Tiffany looks into my eyes for what seems like a long time, and then her voice sort of quivers like my mom's does when she is saying something she really truly means. Tiffany says, â€Å"Because, I'm in love with you.† And then I am up and running. At first Tiffany follows me, but – even though I am in my leather loafers and it is raining pretty steadily now – I am able to find the man speed she does not have, running faster than I ever have before, and after taking enough turns and weaving through enough traffic, I look back and Tiffany is gone, so I slow my running a bit and jog aimlessly for what seems like hours. I sweat through the rain, and my father's overcoat becomes very heavy. I can't even begin to think about what this all means. Betrayed by Tiffany. Betrayed by God. Betrayed by my own movie. I'm still crying. I'm still jogging. And then I'm praying again, but not in a nice way. God, I didn't ask for a million dollars. I didn't ask to be famous and powerful. I didn't even ask for Nikki to take me back. I only asked for a meeting. A single face-to-face conversation. All I've done since I left the bad place was try to improve myself – to become exactly what You tell everyone to be: a good person. And here I am running through North Philly on a rainy Christmas Day – all alone. Why did You give us so many stories about miracles? Why did You send Your Son down from heaven? Why did You give us movies if life doesn't ever end well? What kind of fucking God are You? Do You want me to be miserable for the rest of my life? Do You – Something hits my shin hard, and then my palms are sliding across the wet concrete. I feel kicks landing on my back, my legs, my arms. I curl up into a ball, trying to protect myself, but the kicking continues. When it feels as though my kidneys have exploded, I look up to see who is doing this to me, but I only see the bottom of a sneaker just before it strikes my face.

economic reform in 1996 essays

economic reform in 1996 essays In August of 1996, a welfare reform was passed that took power away from the federal government and gave it to the states so that the states could develop their own personal ways of dispersing welfare. With the reform, each state is given a block grant by the Federal government and is met with little Federal regulation. In this reform, Clinton applied a family cap in hopes to discourage pregnancy among welfare recipients and also a few financial incentives for those who married. The new legislation also put limits on how long a person can be on the welfare program. The 1996 welfare reform changed welfare from what it use to be, a relatively liberal institution, to what it is now, a sort of middle ground between the liberal view and the conservative. With the devolution of power from the federal government to the state, there no longer is one basic welfare program. Welfare varies very much from one state to the next and in some cases, from one county to the next. The power is very much spread out and many of the approaches entail subjective judgment. By and large, these responsibilities are falling to welfare caseworkers.(Dan Froomkin) With welfare caseworkers making subjective judgments on who needs financial assistance and who doesnt, it eliminates a large number of undeserving recipients. Our past welfare system had plenty of loopholes to slip through where now most of them have been eliminated. The reform has forced many past recipients to seek employment and has freed up more government money. The down side to caseworkers making subjective judgments is that it opens up the possibility that a caseworker might deny a legitimate case for assistance out of his or her own prejudice. Referring to the past welfare setup, Dan Froomkin of the Washington Post says, ...for all its drawbacks, it ensured a certain kind of blind fairness. ...

Free Essays on Technological Trends

Technological Trends Today in our society our privacy has been periodically been taken away piece by piece. We no longer have control over what we want other’s to see. If someone can find the floor plan to my house just by inserting my license plate into a website then something is definitely wrong. Our privacy issues should be dealt with immediately, but it seems as if we are losing our privacy more and more as each day passes by. There is no possible way as individuals to avoid this loss of privacy. The internet has given anyone the power to get specific details on anyone they wish. It keeps getting worse, President Bush is pushing the envelope over internet security and privacy. He is pushing a plan to permit internet surveillance. He is asking the U.S. Senate to ratify a global agreement created to help police worldwide cooperate to fight internet crimes. The agreement also makes it mandatory for each participating nation to grant new powers of search and seizure to its law enforcement authorities, this would allow Police to force an ISP to preserve a customers usage records and to monitor his or her online activity as it occurs. This is ridiculous, how can we allow our civil liberties to be destroyed like this? Privacy is sacred to some, to other’s it’s unimportant. Most people would not like a random person to have such direct access to their personal information. I for one would never want someone I don’t know to have such in depth information about my house, or my car, or about my daily life. Is there any way for anyone to avoid this loss of privacy? It seems impossible unless someone would go to the extent of selling their house and car and relocating to some remote area of the desert. I will not give up my daily life and possessions just because my information is out there. As much as I despise my life being available to anyone it doesn’t bother me enough to actually do something about it. I ... Free Essays on Technological Trends Free Essays on Technological Trends Technological Trends Today in our society our privacy has been periodically been taken away piece by piece. We no longer have control over what we want other’s to see. If someone can find the floor plan to my house just by inserting my license plate into a website then something is definitely wrong. Our privacy issues should be dealt with immediately, but it seems as if we are losing our privacy more and more as each day passes by. There is no possible way as individuals to avoid this loss of privacy. The internet has given anyone the power to get specific details on anyone they wish. It keeps getting worse, President Bush is pushing the envelope over internet security and privacy. He is pushing a plan to permit internet surveillance. He is asking the U.S. Senate to ratify a global agreement created to help police worldwide cooperate to fight internet crimes. The agreement also makes it mandatory for each participating nation to grant new powers of search and seizure to its law enforcement authorities, this would allow Police to force an ISP to preserve a customers usage records and to monitor his or her online activity as it occurs. This is ridiculous, how can we allow our civil liberties to be destroyed like this? Privacy is sacred to some, to other’s it’s unimportant. Most people would not like a random person to have such direct access to their personal information. I for one would never want someone I don’t know to have such in depth information about my house, or my car, or about my daily life. Is there any way for anyone to avoid this loss of privacy? It seems impossible unless someone would go to the extent of selling their house and car and relocating to some remote area of the desert. I will not give up my daily life and possessions just because my information is out there. As much as I despise my life being available to anyone it doesn’t bother me enough to actually do something about it. I ...

Writing First Drafts for Law School Essays

Writing First Drafts for Law School Essays In previous posts of this blog, we have discussed the importance of creating both a work calendar to suit your admissions essay writing schedule as well as an outline for your composition. Now, I would like to move on to what I believe is the next crucial phase of this writing process: the first draft. Whether you are writing undergraduate essays or Law school essays, you must write a first draft. Writing the first draft of your school essay should not be a difficult task. Since it is only a draft, you should not be concerned with the number of errors and/or grammatical mistakes in this version of your composition. Instead, feel free to write your first draft without any editing whatsoever. Write whatever comes to mind and then fix it later. I like to think of a first draft as an exercise in free association. Lets say, for instance, that your focus is on law school essays. Like any other admissions composition, law school essays must be compelling and carefully written. That is why a first draft is so important! When you are writing the first draft of your law school essay, dont worry about organization and/or structure. Instead, just get all of your thoughts and points of view out on paper. Then, once that is done, you can take all the time you need to go back, systematize your arguments, fix any grammatical errors, and work towards the completion of a perfect law school essay. Attempting to write a perfect law school essay (or any other type of admissions composition) in one draft is like trying to pencil sketch an intricate image without an eraser. It simply isnt a good idea! The more drafts you write, the more mistakes you can make. . .and later correct. So if you are writing an admissions essay, do yourself a favor and create as many drafts as possible. Trust me when I tell you that you wont regret it! In the meanwhile, if you would like additional information on law school essays and/or law school personal statements, then I encourage you to read on!

To what extent did the liberalisation policies adopted by Coursework

To what extent did the liberalisation policies adopted by Czechoslovakian politicians cause the Prague Spring - Coursework Example In spite of the severe crushing of the reforms, the period of Prague Spring is cherished in the history of the country as a breakthrough in the dictatorship climate during the time and as a harbinger of hope for the people of not only Czechoslovakia, but also of Hungary and Poland. The available literture on the history of Czechoslovakia reveals that Prague Spring was not the result of just the change in the political will of the government, but it had several antecedent conditions that led to it. These antecedents are deeply rooted in the history of Czechoslovakia starting after the World War I in 1919 and the political decisions and forces that shaped the destiny of the nation for the next three decades upto the 1950s. This paper aims to understand the causes that led to the Prague Spring and also to assess if the liberalization policies of politcians played an active role in its inception. In rder to evaluate if the liberalization policies adopted by Czechoslovakian politicians ca use the Prague Spring, it is important to understand the antecedent conditions in Czechoslovakia with respect to the socio-economic and political environment. Political Decision Making in Czechoslovakia Leading Up To the Prague Spring Czechoslovakia had come into existence as an independent country after the fall of the Habsburg monarchy after the World War I (Evans, 1979). The new formed Czechoslovakia was characterized by parliamentary democracy and a strong center of government and a robustly growing economy (Windsor and Roberts, 1969). However, the political turmoil in the neighboring countries, hostile neighbours like Hungary, Poland and Germany, and the impeding march of the Hitler’s forces towards Czechoslovakia all added to insecurities about the future of Czechoslovakia. In addition, the country faced internal ethnic and religious tensions and economic inequalities between its Czech and Slovak people. The World War II saw the occupation of Czechoslovakia by Germany, and later liberation of the country with help from teh Russian Army (Ramet 1999). Thus, post the World War II Czechoslovakia was placed in the power of the Soviet Union and its political and economic policies oriented towards communism. Czechoslovakia soon moved towards a socialist regime and the political set up went into the hands of the socialist parties (Davies, 2007). The coalition consitsed of both the socialist and the communuist elements and it initiated economic policies favoring socialism. This was the time when the people of Czechoslovakia were optimistic of their future as an emerging economy and a free country (Chad, 2007). However, within a decade Czechoslovakia was overtaken by the communist party and a regime of purging the politics of all non-communist elements was set into motion (Davies, 2007)). During the communist era, Czechoslovakia invested greatly in the development of heavy industries and acquired an inmressive growth rate of 170 percent . By 1948, Stalinsâ €™ collectivism ecomomic policies greatly inspired Czechoslovakia which followed an approach of forced labour and excessive government control in the market (Segel, 2003). This was the dark period of repression of public opinion and freedom of speech in Czechoslovakia and led to the public simmering with resentment against the political approach. The

American System of Education Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

American System of Education - Research Paper Example From the discussion it is clear that it is always good to study or learn about a country’s system of education before enrolling in any school. This will help in understanding how the system works and hence help the student during their period in school. Once a student has enrolled he or she can be able to study the units they are interested in so as to enhance their career choice. The American system of education has been admired even by the international students and therefore this topic will help in understanding how the system works. It is also important to know the schools or colleges that one can afford to pay for the tuition fee. This topic entails how the levels of education flow and when and how to enroll in any school.This essay declares that  the education system in the US want to make sure that every child is well educated. Every educator feels the need to improve the system though it has received a lot of challenges. Some subcultures do not see the value for educ ation and that some children are given wrong messages at home that school is not important. Some of the values for schooling need to be instilled from the homes.   Some schools provide for transport although it may be for certain ages or schools. At the primary and secondary levels school is mandatory. Again first grade is compulsory. President Obama has felt the need for the federal government to pay the tuition for students in community colleges.

Economic Statistics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Economic Statistics - Research Paper Example The existence of autocorrelation in our estimation is determined using the Durbin Watson test and the Breusch Godfrey test to check for first order correlation. Autocorrelation however has its own remedies and one of the remedies involves time lagging variables also known as general least square method, this method involves replacement of the model with the serially correlated error term with a model with a serially independent error term. Estimation of the model one LGDPt = 1 + 2LXt + 3LFDIt + 4LDIt+5INF involves the use of the data for the period 1970 to 2002 regarding the UK economy, estimation of the above model using Eviews had the following results: From the results of the correlation of determination R squared which is equal to 0.99229 we can conclude that 99.22% of variations in LGDP are explained by the independent variables, this shows a very strong relationship between the dependent and the independent variables. From the results if we hold all other factors constant and the level of LX, LFDI, LDI and INF are equal to zero then the level of LGDP will be equal to 11.158 which is also our autonomous value, we can explain the coefficient of the log of exports by stating that if we hold all other factors constant and increase the level of LX by one unit then the level of LGDP will increase by 0.366704 units, also if we hold all other factors constant and increase the level of LFDI by one unit then the level of LGDP will decrease by 0.006544 units. If we also hold all the other factors constant and increase the level of LDI by one unit then the level of LGDP will increase by 0.265253 units, finally if we hold all factors constant and increase the level of INF by one unit then the level of LGDP will decline by 0.00131. Having explained the coefficients of the estimated model we can conclude that if we increase the level of exports and domestic investment then the level of gross domestic product will increase, on the other hand an increase in the level of inflation and foreign direct investment will reduce the level of gross domestic production. Statistical significance: Our estimated coefficients may be statistically significant of statistically insignificant, for this reason there is a need to undertake hypothesis test to determine their significance in the model, a two tail T test at 95% level of test showed the following results: 95% TEST LEVEL VARIABLE coefficient null hypothesis alternative hypothesis T calculated T critical reject or accept null C B1 B1=0 B10 14.3179 2.04841 REJECT INF B2 B2=0 B20 -1.459259 2.04841 ACCEPT LDI B3 B3=0 B30 5.183639 2.04841 REJECT LFDI B4 B4=0 B40 -1.010641 2.04841 ACCEPT LX B5 B5=0 B50 13.04894 2.04841 REJECT From the above test of hypothesis it is clear

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Bioremediation Questions - Essay Example In Situ bioremediation skill developing as a less expensive, more effectual option to the average pump-and-treat techniques applied to clean up aquifers and soils polluted with organic chemicals (e.g., chlorinated solvents), however, has since developed in dimension, to tackle explosives, inorganic, as well as toxic metals (e.g., Chromium).   ISB has the prospective to offer advantages like destruction of the pollutant(s), lesser risk to site workers, as well as lower equipment/operating expenses (Singh, Ajay, and Owen, 20). Oil remediation is the procedure employed to clean up oil spills. However, Oil spills threaten the fitness of beings plus are harmful to the surroundings and might be remedied in a diversity of means. The risk level plus the exact oil remediation applied depend on the dimension of the spill, the oil, the location of the spill as well as the climate where the spill takes place. The most favored technique of oil remediation, particularly in the water, is to leave it alone as well as allow it naturally disintegrates (Alexander 35). Moreover, when there is no threat of leaks influences marine wildlife or coastal areas, the wind, ocean currents, sun, as well as waves will efficiently break up as well as evaporate most types of oil. The lighter the oil the simpler it will break down as expected. Having the oil with booms as well as gathering it with skimmer gear is another technique of oil remediation for a leak in the water, apart from for the high seas. Moreover, Booms might be made of a broad array of materials plus come in a huge diversity of forms (Singh, Ajay, and Owen 25). Depending on the dimension of the leak, they might be positioned in deep water, float consistently with the water line or sit above the water line up to one meter. When the oil is contained, it is sucks out plus positioned in nearby vessels. In several cases, it

Changing roles of the Chaplain Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Changing roles of the Chaplain - Thesis Example Wars bring trauma to military men who are trained to fight in such events. Could this bring more than trauma to those people who are sent to wars who were not trained and not meant to be there in the first place? Chaplains are normally ordained and are officially endorsed clergy of some recognized religious body; however, some people do function as volunteer chaplains without ordination and/or endorsement. The chaplain ministry has grown rapidly over the last fifty years as both the Church and institutional settings have recognized the great need for such a ministry model and have worked to develop a mutually acceptable relationship between the institution and religious ministry.† James Johnson was a chaplain in the Vietnam War. He was sent there in 1967. In his book, Combat Chaplain: A Thirty-year Vietnam Battle, he wrote that he was only 26 years old then when he was sent to Vietnam. There he had 350 young soldier/parishioners. Johnson further stated what he felt as he and other GI soldiers went back to the United States in 1968. The author said, â€Å"So many of them have gone home in body bags. My feelings are a mixture of gladness, sadness, and grief tinged with guilt. I’m making it out and they didn’t (1-2).† Instead of giving focus to the enemies, military men are also given additional task to look after these personnel who were not trained for combat. It is not an easy task for chaplains to perform the things that they were trained to do in a place being where people are killing each other, man against man, brothers against brothers. In every religion, it is being taught that every human being should learn to love his or her man as they may not be brothers by the flesh but they are brothers by blood. In Gun Totin Chaplain, author Jerry Autry was also sent to the Vietnam War as a chaplain. There he made a realization and conclusion that war chaplains are not just tasked to perform

Influence of Culture on Global Organizational Practices Essay

Influence of Culture on Global Organizational Practices - Essay Example Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theoryThis theory is a structure for cross-cultural communications that was created by Geert Hofstede, which describes the impact of the culture of a society on the beliefs of its adherents and the manner in which these values are connected to behaviour while utilizing a framework that is resultant from factor analysis (Bardhan and Weaver, 2011, p. 111). This concept has been broadly implemented in a number of disciplines as an archetype for research especially in cross-cultural mind-sets, multinational management along with cross-cultural communication. The cultural dimensions theory was originally developed to evaluate the results of a global survey of the values of workers by IBM in the sixties and seventies. The theory was among the first that had the capacity to be computed and could be used in the explanation of observed differences in different cultures.When the concept was initially developed, it recommended four proportions that could be used to examine cultural values including individualism-collectivism, avoiding of ambiguity, and power distance together with masculinity-femininity. Research that was conducted in Hong Kong resulted in Hofstede adding another dimension, long-term bearing, to address the features of values that had not been addressed in the original archetype. Consequently, Hofstede added another dimension in 2010, which was indulgence versus self-restraint based on the analysis that was conducted by Michael Minkov.

Changing roles of the Chaplain Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Changing roles of the Chaplain - Thesis Example Wars bring trauma to military men who are trained to fight in such events. Could this bring more than trauma to those people who are sent to wars who were not trained and not meant to be there in the first place? Chaplains are normally ordained and are officially endorsed clergy of some recognized religious body; however, some people do function as volunteer chaplains without ordination and/or endorsement. The chaplain ministry has grown rapidly over the last fifty years as both the Church and institutional settings have recognized the great need for such a ministry model and have worked to develop a mutually acceptable relationship between the institution and religious ministry.† James Johnson was a chaplain in the Vietnam War. He was sent there in 1967. In his book, Combat Chaplain: A Thirty-year Vietnam Battle, he wrote that he was only 26 years old then when he was sent to Vietnam. There he had 350 young soldier/parishioners. Johnson further stated what he felt as he and other GI soldiers went back to the United States in 1968. The author said, â€Å"So many of them have gone home in body bags. My feelings are a mixture of gladness, sadness, and grief tinged with guilt. I’m making it out and they didn’t (1-2).† Instead of giving focus to the enemies, military men are also given additional task to look after these personnel who were not trained for combat. It is not an easy task for chaplains to perform the things that they were trained to do in a place being where people are killing each other, man against man, brothers against brothers. In every religion, it is being taught that every human being should learn to love his or her man as they may not be brothers by the flesh but they are brothers by blood. In Gun Totin Chaplain, author Jerry Autry was also sent to the Vietnam War as a chaplain. There he made a realization and conclusion that war chaplains are not just tasked to perform

Rhetoric and Sterotypes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rhetoric and Sterotypes - Essay Example Politicians themselves use negative rhetoric against their opponents. People use negative language and rhetoric talking about politicians that further enhances the hatred for this group. They call them people who spend money wastefully and fill their own pockets to enjoy luxuries while common man suffers. They often call them cheaters, frauds and inhuman, and say that â€Å"good people don’t go into politics† (Baker, 2006). The stereotype that labels a tattooed body is one of the most misleading stereotypes which to some extent is true but to a large extent, is false. Public stereotypes tattooed persons as being criminals, addicted to drugs, drunkards, having loose characters like being involved sexually, dirty, rude, indecent, disrespectful, and possessing bad manners. They are thought to be rebellious and violent gangsters. They are also stereotyped as foolish persons sometimes who have no respect for their bodies. Tattooed women are thought to be sluts and whores (Smith, 2010). People see photographs of wanted criminals in newspapers some of whom might have decorated their bodies with tattoos, and they link the same image to every tattooed person which is wrong. People sometimes think of all tattooed persons to be bad and naughty because in some religions, tattoos are totally forbidden, and people decorating their bodies with tattoos are condemned seriously. Public uses negative rhetoric against suc h persons regardless of the reason why the person got himself tattooed. Most often, it is just the fashion and style that compels one to get tattooed. People have also stereotyped feminists and the label goes to every person who supports feminist theories. Feminists are most commonly stereotyped as lesbians who hate men and will do anything to kill any man coming her way. This is a very negative and a very severe kind of stereotype that does not hold any truth in it. Thinking of a feminist as a hard core lesbian is not

Types Of School Essay Example for Free

Types Of School Essay All children in England are entitled to a free place at school from the age of 4 until they are 16 although the law was changed in 2008. The new law states that young people, until the age of 18 if they were born on or after 1st September 1997, must stay in either: Full time education Training schemes such as apprenticeships Part time education or training as well as part time work whether that be paid or voluntary There are many different types of schools across England. Each with different working practises and different funding methods. Children are able to enter infant schools from the age of 4 until they are 7. They then move onto the junior section which from 7 until 11. From junior school they progress to secondary school at the age of 11 until the age of 16-18 depending on their birth year. Pre-schoolSame Sex School Grammar SchoolBoarding SchoolForest school Boarding SchoolSteiner School Types of School Faith SchoolAcademies Language schoolComprehensiveBehavioural Units Art/Dance SchoolPrivate School A local education authority maintained school is one that is funded by the local education authority where pupils have to follow the national curriculum and will be one of the following: Foundation school Community school Voluntary controlled school Voluntary aided school Nursery school. Early education for eligible three and four year olds may be offered in nursery schools, nursery classes or in reception classes in  primary schools. All these are examples of LEA maintained schools. Special school. Some special schools are local education authority maintained schools. These could be community, voluntary or foundation special schools. Pupils at a maintained special school usually have been assessed and given a statement of special educational needs (SEN). Some special schools are independent schools. Community schools Community schools are funded by the local education authority who also employ the staff. Pupils have to follow the national curriculum and the admissions policy is usually set out and delivered by the LEA. The governing body is responsible for the day to day running of the school but the LEA owns the school site. The local education authority is expected to provide support services to community schools such as educational needs services and psychological services. Voluntary schools There are two types of voluntary schools:- Controlled Aided Voluntary controlled schools A voluntary controlled school can also be called a religious or faith school. The local authority fund these schools, employ the staff and provide the support services. The land and buildings are owned by a charity, often a religious organisation such as a church. The charity have the authority to appoint some members of the governing body but the LEA is responsible for the running of the school. The admissions policy is set out and administered by the LEA. Voluntary aided schools Voluntary aided schools are usually called religious schools or faith schools. In a voluntary aided school the land and buildings are owned by a charity, as with voluntary controlled schools, but the governing body is responsible for running the school. The governing body employs the staff as well as determining the admissions policy in consultation with the LEA. The LEA provides the support services for these schools. Foundation schools In foundation schools the land and buildings are owned by a governing body, who are also responsible for running the school. The local education authority funds the school and the governing body employs the staff as well as providing most of the support services for the school. The admissions policy is determined by the governing body, in consultation with the LEA. There are various sorts of schools that are not maintained by the local education authority. Most of these schools do not have to follow the national curriculum. These include: Independent schools City technology colleges Academies Special schools not maintained by the local education authority Early learning organisations. Independent schools In an independent school the governing body is responsible for the day to day running of the school who also determine the admissions policy with the head teacher. They are funded by fees paid by parents and sometimes by charitable trust funds. The head teacher with the backing of the governing body employs the staff and either the head teacher or the governing body manage and be responsible for the running of support services. City technology colleges City technology colleges are independent non-fee paying schools and are situated in urban areas. Pupils follow a curriculum that is similar to the national one with the addition of an emphasis on technological and practical skills. The department for children, schools and families (DCSF) along with commercial sponsors fund the college and share the responsibility of the running of the school with the company that owns it. The governing body employs the staff as well as buy in and manage support services. The admissions policy is determined and administered by the governing body. Academies Academies are independently-managed, all-ability schools which operate outside the control of the local authority. In a city academy the government  funds the schools running costs and employs the staff. Special schools not maintained by the local education authority Some schools for pupils with special educational needs are not maintained by the local education authority. In some cases the local education authority may pay the fees so that a pupil with special educational needs may attend one of these schools if this school best meets their needs. Early learning organisations Early learning for eligible three and four year olds may be offered in independent playgroups, private day nurseries or independent schools. A part time place will be free, but a parent will usually have to pay fees if a child is attending on a full time basis.

Hawks Essay -- essays research papers

Major Groups of the Animal   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The major group that hawks belong to is the bird group. Hawks have wings and feathers to fly. Which all are characteristics of birds. The hawk has eyes on the sides of its head so it can see all around, similar to a normal bird. The differences between the hawk and other birds is that the hawk is a bird of prey. “Birds of prey'; or raptors make their living by hunting, killing, and consuming live animals. They are at the top of the ecological food chain which makes the hawk a top consumer. Evolution   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The hawk is closely related to all birds of prey. Any bird that makes its living by hunting, killing, and consuming live animals has a characteristic similar to the hawk. Even though owls are not related to eagles, falcons, and vultures they have similar hunting habits and similar equipment for catching and killing - sharp, hooked beaks, and strong, sharp, curved toenails or talons. Owls are nocturnal for the most part and the others hunt during the day. Hawks evolved from raptors which also were birds of prey. Hawks evolved with eagles and falcons mainly but also with some other birds as well. Habitat and Biome   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hawks live in all different habitats. Some in the foothills of the mountains while others live in the brushy open country and badlands of Oklahoma, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, and South-central California. Also in North and Central America for a more wide variety of hawks. Its biome would be in the Deciduous area as well as the Grassland and parts of the desert. Tropic Level/Niche   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The hawk is at the top of the ecological food chain. It is the top consumer of the food chain. Nothing eats it because it is at the highest level. The hawk eats almost everything and anything that is living. From starlings and sparrows and pigeons and quail to reptiles and amphibians. Even ground squirrels and field mice. Almost all rodents along with fish which are eaten by certain kinds of hawks. The hawk lives amongst the tallest trees in the woods. They plant their nest very high up so they can keep a close lookout on everything that is going on. It also helps to have the nest high to keep predators away from the hawks young. Feeding and Defense Adaptations   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hawks are not nocturnal, li... ...ks will chase down birds such as pigeons or sparrows. With the hawks great maneuvering skills, it can chase its prey through trees and bushes. The hawk uses its talons to protect itself and its young. Humans are the predators which rarely effect the hawk and its life. We usually kill it by destroying the hawks habitat indirectly. Its young may be in the tree that we cut down, therefore lowering the number of hawks. Not very drastically though. Hawks only predators are coyotes and other such animals that can attack their young if it is out of the nest. The hawks will defend their young at all costs. Reproduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hawks reproduce once a year. They have one mate for their whole life. Unless, of course if one dies then the other hawk will find a new mate. It usually lays 3-5 blotched or spotted eggs a year, depending on food supply. Hawks reproduction has many factors that determine weather or not the bird will reproduce. If the food isn’t abundant then the hawks may not reproduce as many eggs, if any. If the mate dies or finds a new mate then the other hawk may not reproduce for that year. Hawks will leave their mate, under certain conditions. Hawks Essay -- essays research papers Major Groups of the Animal   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The major group that hawks belong to is the bird group. Hawks have wings and feathers to fly. Which all are characteristics of birds. The hawk has eyes on the sides of its head so it can see all around, similar to a normal bird. The differences between the hawk and other birds is that the hawk is a bird of prey. “Birds of prey'; or raptors make their living by hunting, killing, and consuming live animals. They are at the top of the ecological food chain which makes the hawk a top consumer. Evolution   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The hawk is closely related to all birds of prey. Any bird that makes its living by hunting, killing, and consuming live animals has a characteristic similar to the hawk. Even though owls are not related to eagles, falcons, and vultures they have similar hunting habits and similar equipment for catching and killing - sharp, hooked beaks, and strong, sharp, curved toenails or talons. Owls are nocturnal for the most part and the others hunt during the day. Hawks evolved from raptors which also were birds of prey. Hawks evolved with eagles and falcons mainly but also with some other birds as well. Habitat and Biome   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hawks live in all different habitats. Some in the foothills of the mountains while others live in the brushy open country and badlands of Oklahoma, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, and South-central California. Also in North and Central America for a more wide variety of hawks. Its biome would be in the Deciduous area as well as the Grassland and parts of the desert. Tropic Level/Niche   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The hawk is at the top of the ecological food chain. It is the top consumer of the food chain. Nothing eats it because it is at the highest level. The hawk eats almost everything and anything that is living. From starlings and sparrows and pigeons and quail to reptiles and amphibians. Even ground squirrels and field mice. Almost all rodents along with fish which are eaten by certain kinds of hawks. The hawk lives amongst the tallest trees in the woods. They plant their nest very high up so they can keep a close lookout on everything that is going on. It also helps to have the nest high to keep predators away from the hawks young. Feeding and Defense Adaptations   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hawks are not nocturnal, li... ...ks will chase down birds such as pigeons or sparrows. With the hawks great maneuvering skills, it can chase its prey through trees and bushes. The hawk uses its talons to protect itself and its young. Humans are the predators which rarely effect the hawk and its life. We usually kill it by destroying the hawks habitat indirectly. Its young may be in the tree that we cut down, therefore lowering the number of hawks. Not very drastically though. Hawks only predators are coyotes and other such animals that can attack their young if it is out of the nest. The hawks will defend their young at all costs. Reproduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hawks reproduce once a year. They have one mate for their whole life. Unless, of course if one dies then the other hawk will find a new mate. It usually lays 3-5 blotched or spotted eggs a year, depending on food supply. Hawks reproduction has many factors that determine weather or not the bird will reproduce. If the food isn’t abundant then the hawks may not reproduce as many eggs, if any. If the mate dies or finds a new mate then the other hawk may not reproduce for that year. Hawks will leave their mate, under certain conditions.

Ensure Technical and Academic Rigor of Programs :: Curriculum Education Careers Essays

Ensure Technical and Academic Rigor of Programs Effective career and technical education programs clearly articulate course outcomes and align content with national or state occupational skill standards. These standards, endorsed by business and industry, are designed to prepare students with skills that reflect job market requirements and address all aspects of the industry, not just skills required for single jobs. Curricula developed around these standards offer teachers a variety of strategies for improving standards in their classrooms. Ohio has developed a set of cluster guides based on the Integrated Technical and Academic Competencies (ITACS) that employers have identified as necessary for work: solving problems and thinking skillfully, communicating effectively, applying technology, and so forth. The curriculum for each of these cluster guides follows the same format. Each begins with a workplace scenario, engages students in a problem-solving approach to learning, and integrates technical and academic competencies from state and national standards. Through the scenarios outlined in the guides, students are led to construct knowledge by engaging in learning experiences and problem-solving activities that have value beyond the classroom (Vocational Instructional Materials Laboratory 1999). Projects that use the context of the workplace and the community to teach academic and technical skills offer another strategy for ensuring program rigor. Students learn best in the context of real life experiences. Sussex Technical High School in Georgetown, Delaware; William H. Turner Technical Arts High School in Miami; and Michael E. DeBakey High School for Health Professionals in Houston are three schools that combine rigorous academic coursework with career and technical education through hands-on activities set in real-world contexts (Roberts 1999). In this way, "students can combine what they're learning in the field or laboratory with basic writing, science, and math skills" (p. 22). "Curriculum integration, contextual and applied learning, tech prep, and team teaching have increased the academic rigor of career and technical education disciplines" (Lozada 1999, p. 16). Traditional instructional roles, however, do not support these strategies for applying academic and technical understandings to real-world problems. To involve students in learning experiences that are situated in certain physical and social contexts and require interaction with other people, teachers must assume the role of coach or mentor, encouraging students to create their own knowledge from experiences beyond the classroom. When CTE instruction supports what is known about intelligence, brain development, cognition and learning, it gives credence to initiatives that integrate academic education with career and technical education (Reese 2002). Ensure Technical and Academic Rigor of Programs :: Curriculum Education Careers Essays Ensure Technical and Academic Rigor of Programs Effective career and technical education programs clearly articulate course outcomes and align content with national or state occupational skill standards. These standards, endorsed by business and industry, are designed to prepare students with skills that reflect job market requirements and address all aspects of the industry, not just skills required for single jobs. Curricula developed around these standards offer teachers a variety of strategies for improving standards in their classrooms. Ohio has developed a set of cluster guides based on the Integrated Technical and Academic Competencies (ITACS) that employers have identified as necessary for work: solving problems and thinking skillfully, communicating effectively, applying technology, and so forth. The curriculum for each of these cluster guides follows the same format. Each begins with a workplace scenario, engages students in a problem-solving approach to learning, and integrates technical and academic competencies from state and national standards. Through the scenarios outlined in the guides, students are led to construct knowledge by engaging in learning experiences and problem-solving activities that have value beyond the classroom (Vocational Instructional Materials Laboratory 1999). Projects that use the context of the workplace and the community to teach academic and technical skills offer another strategy for ensuring program rigor. Students learn best in the context of real life experiences. Sussex Technical High School in Georgetown, Delaware; William H. Turner Technical Arts High School in Miami; and Michael E. DeBakey High School for Health Professionals in Houston are three schools that combine rigorous academic coursework with career and technical education through hands-on activities set in real-world contexts (Roberts 1999). In this way, "students can combine what they're learning in the field or laboratory with basic writing, science, and math skills" (p. 22). "Curriculum integration, contextual and applied learning, tech prep, and team teaching have increased the academic rigor of career and technical education disciplines" (Lozada 1999, p. 16). Traditional instructional roles, however, do not support these strategies for applying academic and technical understandings to real-world problems. To involve students in learning experiences that are situated in certain physical and social contexts and require interaction with other people, teachers must assume the role of coach or mentor, encouraging students to create their own knowledge from experiences beyond the classroom. When CTE instruction supports what is known about intelligence, brain development, cognition and learning, it gives credence to initiatives that integrate academic education with career and technical education (Reese 2002).

My Career Plan

My Career Development Plan (1) 1. Introduction Career development, a major aspect of human development, is the process through which an individual’s work identity is formed. It spans one’s entire lifetime. Career development begins with a person’s earliest awareness of the ways in which peoples make a living, continues as they explore occupations and ultimately decides what career to pursue, prepares for it, applies for and gets a job and advance in it. It may, and probably will include, changing careers and jobs.In order to live successful and peaceful in the whole life, it is important to know where we are, what we want to be, and how to get there. Career development planning will force you to regularly perform a self-assessment on where you are now in your career, to assess the inborn job skills you enjoy using. Therefore, it is needed to set a plan for our own career development. Without a plan, we can’t achieve our goals. Career development is an ongo ing, lifelong process to help you learn and achieve more in your career.The career development plan shows where we should go (career planning) and how to get there (career management). Everyone has their own expectations, goals, and strong desires. In order to achieve our goals and strong desires, we have to make plan to get there; we have to organize the necessary resources such as knowledge, experiences, and skills; we have to lead ourselves; and we have to control whether we are going the right way or not. Since career development is ongoing, life-long process, we can change the way we go as per our career development plan.Hence, career development plan is very important engine for our career development. I have constructed my career development plan after learning four weeks of â€Å"International Career Development† course. I divided my career development as short term, mid-term, and long-term. This career development plan is vital role in my life because it reminds me w hat should I do and where should I go, and implementation of action steps towards my career goals. It directs the ways to go to my target, and energizes me to reach my goal. I can see my future clearly through my career development plan.It is certain that I can know the clear direction, I can choose the right way, and eventually I can reach my goal. The following picture shows my career development plan: 2. Discussion of My Career Vision * My Career Vision Statement I would like to discuss about my career vision statement. The career vision statement is our inspiration, and the framework for all of our strategy. Career vision statement tells what we want to achieve and, the goal and purpose of our plan. It gives us the direction and way of reaching our goals. My career vision guides me achieving my goals.My career vision statement is â€Å"Economic development through export promotion†. * My Significant Purpose of Career I will discuss about my significant purpose of career. I would like to contribute to the development of our country’s economy sharing my knowledge and experiences. â€Å"Management and Trade Analysis† job is the best way to fulfill my significant purpose, so having strong desire to become a Director General of Ministry of Commerce is my major goal in my life. In order to reach my major goal, I set â€Å"Mission Statement† as â€Å"One for All: upgrading myself , and motivation others through management and trade analysis†. My Main Career Goals I had a dream to become a Director General in Ministry of Commerce when I joined as an Assistant Manager in 2001. Becoming a Director General in Ministry of Commerce is my dream, my expectation, and my strong desire. Ministry of Commerce is my starting point of my career, and I realized that I have to upgrade myself in this government officer life. Even though I had a chance to choose another career, I have stuck the job that I like the most. I have been working for fiv e years as a Deputy Director at Ministry of commerce since 2007.I have not had my career development plan at that time although I want to become a Director General. However, I had a dream of studying in abroad because this exposure can help my future development. Yet, my dream comes true, and I am studying at IUJ. The knowledge that I learned from International Career Development class gives me the clear direction of my future. I can build my career development plan as short-term, mid-term, and long-term. I can see my future exactly, it is not imagination, and it is feasible. The following ladder shows my career development steps.Taking Director General and contribute the economic development of our country Taking Director General and contribute the economic development of our country Long-term Long-term Getting promotion as Deputy Director General and start own business Getting promotion as Deputy Director General and start own business Mid-term Mid-term Upgrading myself and to get promotion as a â€Å"Director† (preparation time) Upgrading myself and to get promotion as a â€Å"Director† (preparation time) Short-term Short-term * My Short Term Career Goals (3years)The time-frame for a short-term goal relates to its context in the overall time line that it is being applied to. For instance, one could measure a short-term goal for a month-long project in days; whereas one might measure a short-term goal for someone’s lifetime in months or in years. My short term career goal is upgrading my skills and knowledge for my next stage. By doing so, I intend to get a promotion as a â€Å"Director† of my same place. Building necessary skills and knowledge is very important in that stage. I will share my knowledge and experiences what I learned from IUJ to my department and colleagues.At the same time, I will improve my skills and experiences in order to get the next step. I need security and stability in that initial stage. Short-term goals are usually goals for the near future or are more tangible. My short-term targets should support my long-term objectives, so I should constantly compare them to make sure they line up. * My Mid-term Career Goals (5-7 years) My mid-term career goal is getting promotion and setting up a business in order to raise money for my second part of life. I will transfer to Overseas Trade Promotion department Ministry of Commerce as a â€Å"Director†, and I will continue my PhD program.When I finish my PhD, I can have a chance to promote â€Å"Deputy Director General position†. This is one of the mile stones for my significant career. Working at Overseas Trade Promotion department can give me many chances to go abroad, and attend the seminars and trainings in which will support me to get knowledge for my future successfully. My working place, Ministry of Commerce, is situated at, Nay Pyi Taw, the new capital city of Myanmar, and there are many government offices in that city. Cur rently, there is only two shopping mall and only 3D movie theatre, so I have not many places like Yangon, my former city, to spend my leisure time.Not only I can emphasize all of my times into my job but also I can manage my own business. It is certain that I can stay happily with my family, and I can spend my life doing the job that I like the most. * My Long-term Career Goals My long-term career goal is as a Director General of Department of Border Trade at Ministry of Commerce. This is the third part of my life, and also the end of my career goals. At the same time, I can stay happily with my family at Nay Pyi Taw that I like the most. In my mid-term career, I finished my PhD degree and I have settled my own business.It is probable that I can get promotion as Director General in my Ministry during at least 7 year period. As a Director General of Department of Border Trade, I have to manage the ongoing processes according to our ministry’s vision and mission as follows: * T o enhance bilateral friendship with neighboring countries; * To promote trade and keep it on the track of conventional trade; * To ensure the full realization of revenues to be levied by the state; * To provide favorable condition for private businessmen by which to earn reasonable benefit; * To help facilitate the flow of goods; Arranging staff development program, and * Attending seminars as ministry representative; In addition, Myanmar is not only being a member of ASEAN but an active participant in regional economic organizations such as the GMS, BIMSTEC and ACMECS. Since its geographic location strategically bridges the ASEAN and SAARC and also favours to trade with global giant China and India across borders, it’s not an exaggeration that Myanmar has become an economic hub in the region in terms of cross border and overseas trade.By using this prospect, we can promote our trade volume through border trade in yearly. Finally, this meets my significant purpose of career. * Relationship of My Career Goals with Significant Career Purpose My short-term, mid-term, and long-term career goals connect with each other, and it goes step by step. Reaching short-term goal forces achieving mid-term goal and it leads to get long-term goal. My career goals support my significant career as follows: * My short term goal as upgrading my skill and knowledge helps me having the necessary knowledge and skills.At the same time, I can share them to others, and it contributes to promote trade volume, and motivation of my colleagues as well as intend to get a promotion as a â€Å"Director† * My mid-term goal as getting promotion as a â€Å"Deputy Director General† and setting own business provides me to raise my budget. I can fill up the necessity of blank space and business knowledge for my future career development, and it helps me having required resources. It also supports both self-development and economic development. My long-term goal to become as a â €Å"Director General† gives me the task of managing and leading people. I can lead my organization and I can raise money as much as I can. I can get valuable skills and experiences such as leadership skill, managerial skills, and business skills. I can share all these skills and experiences to my colleagues and I can contribute to the development of our economy through border trade promotion. * My Personal Values * My Top Five Values: My Five Most Important Values (Core Values) Most Important Value Rank No. 1Personal developmentNext Most Important Value Rank No. 2 Achievement Next Most Important Value Rank No. 3Family happiness Next Most Important Value Rank No. 4Health Next Most Important Value Rank No. 5Wealth * The meaning of my top five values * My most important value is â€Å"Personal development† Personal development is the improvement of knowledge, health, and wealth. It includes building-up of knowledge, skills, experience, competency, and talent; improving bo th physical and mental health; raising money for steady life and for helping to others; and caring economic development. The second important value is â€Å"Achievement† It means the attainment of something that I want to have, for example, having a top position in my organization, rewarding, getting scholarship, accomplishing the academic goals, recognition and becoming wealthy person. * The third important value is â€Å"Family happiness† Family happiness means having happy and healthy family life. It includes sharing and receiving energy, encouragement, support, caring, affection, and happiness within family members both mentally and physically. * The fourth important value is â€Å"Health†Health means a state of being free from injury, sickness, and pain by physically and mentally. It contains feeling good mood, free from worrying, and free from depression and overconfidence. * The fifth important value is â€Å"Wealth† Wealth means possessing of valu able knowledge and abundance of financial resources such as possession of businesses, possession of materials, and having huge amount of money. The importance of my top five values * My most important value is â€Å"personal development† This value is important to me because I can’t reach my dream without personal development. My second important value is â€Å"Achievement† This value is important to me because it is the initial step for reaching my dream. * My third important value is â€Å"Family Happiness† This value is important to me because family can support whatever I wish and family shares both happiness and sadness. * My fourth important value is â€Å"Health† This value is important to me because my dreams will never become without good physical and mental health. * My fifth important value is â€Å"Wealth† This value is important to me because it is one important factor for supporting my dreams and happy life. These Values come f rom * Personal development comes from my own experiences in student life. Management is a noble profession and it cannot be performed well without personal development. In my student life, I had many teachers, and some teachers can bury their life in teaching; however, some cannot. I feel that if one has personal development, he or she can concentrate on his/her job. * Achievement comes from my own experience. This motivates me to go ahead and to reach the goal. Recognition from my boss gives me the energy to try to achieve my goal. Family happiness comes from my everyday life experience. Family happiness reflects the personal feeling and it energizes the work to be done. If we face family problem such as financial problem, social problem, and health problem, we cannot happy and it negatively affects our everyday life. * Health comes from the general truth. We cannot do anything if we are not feeling well. We have to spend lots of money to recover from illness, sickness, etc. * Weal th comes from the belief that wealthy people can do anything what they want.They can spend their money for education; they can start their business since they have strong financial condition; they can expand their businesses; they can make donation; they can visit everywhere; and they can use their money whatever they want etc. * My Values Structure The following figure shows my values structure. My core values are interconnected with each other and interdependent with each other. * Personal development should be done in order to get â€Å"Achievement†. * Family can support to get things done. * Without healthy, I can’t achieve my goals. Wealthy is an important factor for achieving my goals and it can solve not only some problems but also it can create almost everything of happy. Without money, I cannot motivate my work well, cannot start business as a result I cannot get a peaceful life. * The Result of POQ Pragmatic Value = 18 Intellectual Value = 19 Human Value = 23 According to POQ result, my most preferred value orientation is human value, which scores 23; the second preferred value is intellectual value, which scores 19; and my least preferred value is pragmatic value, which scores 18. Relationship between My Core Value and POQ Result Two of my five most important values, achievement and wealth, relate my most preferred value orientation, human value. Among my top ten values such as affection and helpfulness relate to my most preferred value orientation, human value. It means that I consider people whenever I make decision. It can be said that I like collectivism, friendship, and prefer to do the work collectively. In addition, my second preferred value, intellectual value, it can be said that I probably use cause and effect relationship whenever I make decision.As a head of department, a mentor, I have to lead and take care of all my colleagues like my family members as much as I can by my wisdom. If they are facing some problem, they canà ¢â‚¬â„¢t emphasize well in job and more aggressive to others than before which impact will becomes an organizational problems through personal conflicts in these department . * My Career Anchor According to Schein, there are eight categories of career anchors: Technical/Functional Competence; General Managerial Competence; Autonomy/Independence; Security/Stability; Entrepreneurial Creativity; Service/Dedication to a Cause; Pure Challenge; and Lifestyle.My career anchor(s) are Security/Stability, score of 5. 4; General Managerial Competence and Lifestyle, both score of 5. 2; and Service/Dedication to a Cause, a score of 4. 8 based on the result of the career orientations inventory questionnaire. * Relationship between My Career Anchor and My Core Values According to my own definition of my core values, my career anchors match with my core values. The top five core values are personal development, achievement, family happiness, health, and wealth. My highest career anchor is security/ stability, and my highest core value is personal development.In order to achieve my significant career goal, I need personal development, and Stability/Security is very important factor for supporting my personal development; I need job security, I need stable salary, and I need recognition from my organization for my further development. General Managerial competence matches with achievement of my core value. I want to become highest position in my organization and I want to lead my organization. This shows that my career anchor of general managerial competence forced me to have the core value of achievement.The other core values are family happiness and health, and my career anchor lifestyle reflects my core values. I want to take good care of personal matters such as healthy and family happiness. One of my core values is wealthy, and my aim is to serve community and society with my knowledge and experiences. In addition, I want to contribute to economic development by upgrading a nd caring my colleagues through leadership. Therefore, my career anchor sense of service, dedication to a cause somehow relates to my core value wealthy. * The Vivid Picture of My FutureThe best future job in my career is a Director General of Department of Border Trade at Ministry of Commerce. The estimated time is from 2020 to forwards. I see myself as * Director General at Director General of Department of Border Trade at Ministry of Commerce, taking responsibility of the departmental head, I have to lead for the development of trade volume and enhanced bilateral friendship with neighboring countries. * Representative of ministry of Commerce, and attending seminar, workshop, conference, and contributing to the development of economy. * Linkages Between My Personal Values and My Significant Purpose of Career Relationship between My Core Values and My Significant Purposes My significant purpose is contributing to the development of economic by sharing the knowledge and experiences that I learned before. In order to fulfill my purpose, I have to develop myself first, and then I can share it to others. My top five core values are interconnected with each other and closely relate with my significant purpose. * My first core value, personal development is one of the important factors for supporting my significant purpose. When I achieve personal development, I can provide others.Secondly, according to my own definition of achievement, if I have some degree and well leadership skills of achievement, I can accomplish the tasks to be done. I have more confidence and this motivates me to work out. This satisfaction makes me to build family happiness. If I have a happy family life, it gives me more energy and I can do my job happily. One of my core value, health is one important factor for successful in life. When we suffer from illness, sickness, and other mental and/or physical health problem, we cannot work effectively. We might feel depress, disappointed, and it c auses decrease productivity.My core value â€Å"Wealth† supports the last purpose of nurturing people who wants to improve their skill. If I am a wealthy person, I can establish scholarship foundation; I can provide financial supports to the voluntary organization; I can donate money for social development and human resource development program. The above discussion shows that my core values are closely related to my significant purposes. * Relationship between My Career Anchor and My Career Goals * My career anchors are Security/stability, General Managerial competence and lifestyle, and service/dedication to a cause.I am wonder that each of my career anchors is matched with my short-term, mid-term, and long-term goals. * As short-term goal, I want to upgrade myself and to get promotion as a â€Å"Director† at the same time, and this is preparation time for my future career. I want to continue my study and plan to finish PhD. I need a stable job and safety environment . This shows that my career anchor security/stability relates to my short-term goal. * My mid-term goal is getting promotion as a â€Å"Deputy Director General† and setting up my own business aiming at to raise money for retirement plan and to build happily family.At that time, I need recognition from others and want to have expert power and referent power. This means that my career anchor managerial competence and lifestyle reflect my mid-term goal. * My long term goal is to become a Director General by taking administration of ongoing process of trade promotion. The main purpose is to contribute to the development of economic through trade promotion and building relation within bordering countries. Furthermore, I want recognition and support from my superiors, and I want to contribute to the highest management position.This shows that my career anchor service/dedication to a cause closely match with my long-term career goal. * Relationship between My POQ and My Significant Purposes My most preferred POQ is human value, and the second preferred value is pragmatic value. This POQ results shows that I prefer achievement, wealth, and responsibility, and these are the supporting factors of my significant purpose. Moreover, the human value means caring people and developing human growth, and it reflects my purpose of contributing to the economic development.Since my significant purpose is contributing to the development of our economy by guiding my knowledge and experiences, it can be said that my preferred POQ, human value and pragmatic value, are highly correlated to my significant purpose. 3. Conclusion By reviewing the above discussions, it can be clearly seen that career development plan is an important framework for life long process. We can learn that if one makes his/her career plan, he/she can see the future and he/she wants to try to reach the goal according to their plan.If we do not have plan, we do not know where we are going to; we do not know how to get there; and we may lose motivation. If we can make our career development plan objectively, we can find the way; we can know whether we are going to the right direction or not; and we can control by ourselves. It is certain that the career development plan gives us the direction, the way and the means for our long life career goals. References Schein, Edgar H. Career Anchors: Discovering Your Real Values, revised edition, Jossey-Bass Pfeiffer, San Francisco.